There are numerous faults in Kentucky. Major tectonic events in Kentucky for which evidence has accumulated begin with late Precambrian rifting KY basemap layers are displayed above these ESRI basemaps. In Mississippi, the fault line passes through the following counties: Tishomingo, Itawamba, Pontotoc, Prentiss, as well as part of Tippah and Alcorn counties. by a brecciated center within a belt of concentric faults. Likewise, movement along a fault plane is not always uniform, so the amount of offset may change laterally. The origin of the Muldraugh dome is uncertain. 0 earthquake. In some cases, where offset is not too great, mine plans can be altered to ramp (adjust the dip of the excavated entries up or down) across the fault to the level of the coal on the other side of the fault. Lexington (sheet 2 of the geologic map), near the axis of the Cincinnati arch (fig. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/New-Madrid-Seismic-Zone, Missouri Department of Natural Resources - Facts about the New Madrid Seismic Zone. the Nashville dome in central Tennessee through central Kentucky to northwestern Ohio, where it 15). The fact is most states are at risk of major . the geologic map layers are set at 20% transparent by default). Data set is derived from the 7.5-minute geologic quadrangle maps (scale 1:24,000); then attributed, edgematched, and compiled for statewide coverage. This 150 mile-long series of faults stretches under five states: Illinois, Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee and Kentucky, and is responsible for four of the largest earthquakes in the history of. The northernmost is called the Kentucky River Fault Zone, and the other is called the Irvine-Paint Creek Fault Zone. Discontinuities and obstacles:Where a fault intersects a mined coal seam, the coal seam will be offset, generally causing an abrupt end to the seam into rock on the other side of the fault plane. Radon gas, although not widely distributed in Kentucky in amounts above the Environmental Protection Agency's maximum recommended limit of 4 picocuries per liter, can be a local problem. It. What are gas prices at Buc EEs in Richmond KY? if (thisYr < 1900) { Middle and Late Ordovician age; no younger beds are preserved in the area. Definition and formation: Faults are breaks in the earths crust across which movement has occurred. Rough Creek fault system through at least Early Permian time. 16). Lexington, Kentucky River, and Irvine-Paint Creek fault systems (fig. Two fault zones split from the Lexington Fault Zone eastward into the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field (part of the Appalachian Basin). Embayment) and in central Kentucky (Keller and others, 1982). Contact the BGADD Water Coordinator for more information on Source Water Protection Areas. In recent years, the risk of earthquakes in the C&E Tennessee seismic zone has increased due to the numerous chemical reactions, and the presence of active faults in the region. Faults are common geologic structures across Kentucky, and have been mapped in many of the Commonwealth's counties. The downbow causes Ordovician rocks, which occur at the surface in central Kentucky, to be depressed beneath the surface more than 3,000 feet in the eastern Kentucky part of the Appalachian Basin, and more than 4,000 feet beneath the surface in the Illinois Basin of western Kentucky. It was the first major earthquake in California since the 6. As an alternative, use your computer or device screen capture tool to make an image of the map. 2 that took place near Cawood in 1909. In the end, some 3,000 to 5,000 square miles (7,800 to 13,000 square km) were visibly scarred with the effects. Cryptoexplosive structures: J, Jeptha Knob; MO, Middlesboro; MU, Muldraugh dome; V, Versailles. The downbow in western Kentucky is part of the Illinois (also called Eastern Interior) Basin, which extends into Illinois and Indiana. (Photographs by Paul Howell, USDA-NRCS.). The Kentucky Building and Residential Codes (Fig. Seismic risk associated with these faults is very low. Borden Formation (Mbf) at the east margin of sheet 3 about 4 mi south of the Ohio River. EXPOSED AND NEAR-SURFACE FAULTS The faults shown on the map as red lines had been digitized by others to produce three published source maps, each of which is a compilation (Nager, 1988; Frankie and others, 1994; Nelson, 1995a) (table 3). This earthquake caused about 2,000 deaths and left about 1. The KyGeoNet is the Geospatial Data Clearinghouse for the Commonwealth of Kentucky. 5 earthquake, the resulting tsunami impacted countries thousands of miles away, devastating communities and taking even more lives. 1 magnitude earthquake occurred in the state of California on July 5, 2019. At the second fault the mine operators were able to ramp 15 feet into the Herrin coal (W. Ky. No. This function will create two bookmark links to save the current map layout with or without the current extent: These basemaps are displayed above the ESRI basemaps. Thankfully, there were only minor reported injuries and no deaths associated with the quake. 11) and continue mining. Alternate titles: Mississippi Valley fault system, New Madrid Fault. Kentucky Geological Survey. River fault system largely predate Pennsylvanian deposition and are thus not readily apparent on the A recent seismic study of the crustal U.S. southeasternmost Missouri, northeasternmost Arkansas, and adjacent areas of westernmost Tennessee and Which 6 states are most at risk for these earthquakes? The. Middle Ordovician age and the Lexington Limestone (01) of Middle and Late Ordovician age. These structures are described by the following categories: The block diagram shown above, represents a slice through Kentucky, as if a giant knife had cut the State to a depth of 3,000 feet. An uplifting experience that will not be appreciated! Drag folding and steepened bed dips (with possible bedding-plane movement along beds) near faults can also lead to roof weakness. Paved roads constructed without precautions on swelling soils exhibit heaving, undulation, and extensive cracking. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Jessamine dome (fig. stratigraphy or sedimentation of the Ordovician rocks that can be related to the arch (Cressman, 1973, p. 8; The fault passes through Winston, Blount, Cullman, and Marshall counties, as well as portions of Madison, Jackson and Dekalb counties, before continuing into northern Mississippi. Recent geophysical, geological, and seismological studies of the Reelfoot basin, which underlies the Jackson 38) reported wells penetrating brecciated Knox dolomites and cherts below coherent Silurian dolomite, hb```">&S ac`a8 _o9j{VkL*1{|icPGEO&u\w:=q$O\S-9 T ` ` @@ vfb3"|$2f b v` rY lY`a609060 `@X vH;3b :k0\U\(C&0@u0 FV\s Output includes the KY county and KY 1:24,000 quadrangle where the coordinate is located and links to map views. Valley syncline (Krause and Treworgy, 1979). For information on obtaining Kentucky Geological Survey maps and publications call: Public Information Center 859.257.3896. For more information on the groundwater resources of the county, see Carey and Stickney (2001). mapping has revealed numerous minor normal faults and grabens, many en echelon in northwest-trending We've received your submission. described a Precambrian (Keweenawan) rifting event that resulted in formation of the east-continent indicating growth faulting with a total throw at the top of the Precambrian of 5,000 ft along the northern The exact cause for the rise in seismic activity is unclear, but some scientists speculate that it could be related to natural phenomena, underground activities such as energy or mineral extraction, or even human-induced activities. The EFZ runs east-west through the far western part of the state and into Tennessee, while the CU runs through eastern and southeastern Kentucky. The time of formation of the Cincinnati arch in central Kentucky has recently been discussed by McDowell Potential roof-fall hazards: Fault gouge, slickensides, and fractures near faults can cause adverse roof conditions, but these roof weaknesses diminish away from the fault plane (Sheperd and Fisher, 1978; Nelson, 1981). Historically, strong earthquakes are uncommon in Kentucky, and the frequent tremors are too small to be felt by humans. Modifications to the landscape require careful planning to mitigate negative impacts. Kentucky is far enough inland that it does not border any part of the North American Plate. sparse data on samples from the nine basement test wells. Appalachian basin.--The eastern part of Kentucky, particularly the area east of the Pottsville Escarpment, lies Howell (1963), who applied the name Rome trough to a belt of thickened Cambrian Rome Formation in the Some wells in this area drilled along drainage lines that may produce enough water for a domestic supply except during dry weather. All of these fault lines have the potential to produce earthquake activity, though the greatest threat is to the NMFZ. The oldest rocks at the surface in the State occur in central Kentucky, because older rock strata is pushed upward along a broad bulge, called the Cincinnati Arch, which in Kentucky, stretches from Covington in the north, to just west of Dale Hollow Lake in the south. Note that most faults that can affect residents are either onshore or just offshore. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Tennessee and Alabama. But, also located beneath much of western Kentucky is the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ). A variety of datasets can be located and downloaded, static map products can be viewed, and many web mapping applications and services are easily accessible. (Photographs by Paul Howell, USDA-NRCS. The origin of the Jeptha Knob structure is uncertain, but meteoroid impact seems most likely Keller and others, 1982, p. 220). marking a region of continental collision associated with the Grenville event. The most recent major earthquake in Ky was the M4. J8T< B%3 F>YM^S=d0BqeCCu &8E2AYx`LR {]T)|x% ;". Exploration for oil and gas in Kentucky has resulted in considerable information on the nature of the Corrections? The quake was the largest earthquake ever recorded in magnitude and intensity, occurring off the coast of Valparaiso, Chile. and the structure as mapped at the surface. It hugs the borders of Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky and Illinois, and it birthed massive quakes in 1811 and 1812 that temporarily reversed the flow of the Mississippi River. Rock strata often dip more steeply near faults or between closely spaced faults. Getting the basin filled with water as soon as possible after construction prevents drying and cracking, and possible leakage, of the clayey soil liner. These faults roughly parallel the trend of the Cincinnati Arch and are related to the origin of the stresses that upbowed the Arch, deep beneath the surface of Kentucky. A clayey soil pond liner is placed in loose, moist layers nine inches thick and compacted in six passes with a sheepsfoot roller. 5 magnitude earthquake that shook the southern part of South America in 1960. which they call the Rough Creek graben. Although some reports indicate an Early What is the Jane Austen Society of North America. Faulting the Moorman syncline of western Kentucky as the "Eastern Interior Aulacogen" and traced the trough from Earthquakes still occur on these faults, but most are so small that they are barely felt. upwarping in the Early to Middle Devonian, and again during formation of the regional Mississippian the Allegheny Front, is placed by many workers at the Pine Mountain overthrust (fig. 3 quake occurred near Smiths Grove. indicated by the outcrop area of the oldest rocks exposed in the State, the High Bridge Group (Ohb) of All files associated with this page are copyrighted 1997 The boundary between these two structural provinces, eastern Kentucky northeastward across West Virginia into Pennsylvania. (Cressman, 1981, p. 14). Reverse or thrust faults are faults in which one side is moved upward relative to the other side. " $ #& extensive denudation. gentle dome culminates near the intersection of the Lexington and Kentucky River fault systems (fig. 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